Resonant and Ponderomotive Pumping of Zonal Flows by Turbulence, Alfvén Eigenmodes, and Radiofrequency Waves

C. M. Gallaro, I. Y. Dodin

Analytical studies of zonal-flow (ZF) excitation by fluctuating fields, such as drift-wave turbulence and Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) driven by energetic particles (EPs) in tokamaks, a…