Restrained Italian domination in graphs

Babak Samadi, Morteza Alishahi, Iman Masoumi +1

For a graph $G=(V(G),E(G))$, an Italian dominating function (ID function) $f:V(G)\to \{0,1,2\}$ has the property that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ with $f(v)=0$, either $v$…