Rethinking Annotation Granularity for Overcoming Shortcuts in Deep Learning-based Radiograph Diagnosis: A Multicenter Study

Luyang Luo, Hao Chen, Yongjie Xiao +10

Two DL models were developed using radiograph-level annotations (yes or no disease) and fine-grained lesion-level annotations (lesion bounding boxes), respectively named CheXNet an…