3 papers
hep-th2026
Schwinger effect with backreaction in 1+1D massive QED with a strong external field
Samuel E. Gralla, Morifumi Mizuno
In the presence of a strong electric field, the vacuum is unstable to the production of pairs of charged particles -- the Schwinger effect. The created pairs extract energy from th…
astro-ph.HE2025
Plasma flow in force-free magnetospheres: two-fluid model near pulsars and black holes
Morifumi Mizuno, Samuel E. Gralla, Alexander Philippov
Force-free electrodynamics describes the electromagnetic field of the magnetically dominated plasma found near pulsars and active black holes, but gives no information about the un…
gr-qc2025
Can black holes evaporate past extremality?
Samuel E. Gralla
Black holes with sufficiently large initial charge and mass will Hawking-evaporate towards the extremal limit. The emission slows as the temperature approaches zero, but still reac…