Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Modeling of a TBM Tunnel in Opalinus Clay: Thermal Coupling Effects on Long-term Lining Pressures and Excavation Damage Zone Development

Saeed Tourchi, Martin Ziegler, Arash Alimardani Lavasan

Tunnels in argillaceous formations such as Opalinus Clay (OPA) develop a coupled thermal, hydraulic, and mechanical response. This study examines the New Belchen Tunnel (STB), exca…