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eess.SP2025
A stochastic noise model based excess noise factor expressions for staircase avalanche photodiodes
Ankitha E Bangera
Multistep staircase avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are the solid-state analogue of photomultiplier tubes, owing to their deterministic amplification with twofold stepwise gain via im…
eess.SP2025
Corrections to Friis noise factor formulas for cascade networks
Ankitha E Bangera
The signal-to-noise ratio of a multistage cascade network is often estimated using the well-known Friis' formulas for noise factors (or the noise figures in decibels). However, thi…