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20242026
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cs.CL2026

Defragmenting Language Models: An Interpretability-based Approach for Vocabulary Expansion

Maitrey Mehta, Nishant Subramani, Zhichao Xu +2

All languages are equal; when it comes to tokenization, some are more equal than others. Tokens are the hidden currency that dictate the cost and latency of access to contemporary…

cs.CL2025

Distillation versus Contrastive Learning: How to Train Your Rerankers

Zhichao Xu, Zhiqi Huang, Shengyao Zhuang +1

Training effective text rerankers is crucial for information retrieval. Two strategies are widely used: contrastive learning (optimizing directly on ground-truth labels) and knowle…

cs.CL2025

Found in Translation: Measuring Multilingual LLM Consistency as Simple as Translate then Evaluate

Ashim Gupta, Maitrey Mehta, Zhichao Xu +1

Large language models (LLMs) provide detailed and impressive responses to queries in English. However, are they really consistent at responding to the same query in other languages…

cs.CL2025

Test-Time Scaling with Repeated Sampling Improves Multilingual Text Generation

Ashim Gupta, Vivek Srikumar

Inference-time scaling via repeated sampling has shown promise in reasoning tasks, but its effectiveness in multilingual generation remains underexplored. We evaluate this approach…

cs.CL2025

State Space Models are Strong Text Rerankers

Zhichao Xu, Jinghua Yan, Ashim Gupta +1

Transformers dominate NLP and IR; but their inference inefficiencies and challenges in extrapolating to longer contexts have sparked interest in alternative model architectures. Am…

cs.CL2024

Beyond Perplexity: Multi-dimensional Safety Evaluation of LLM Compression

Zhichao Xu, Ashim Gupta, Tao Li +2

Increasingly, model compression techniques enable large language models (LLMs) to be deployed in real-world applications. As a result of this momentum towards local deployment, com…