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cs.CL2026

Don't Let Me Ask for It: LLMs Show Deficiencies in Active Multi-Turn Information Acquisition for Abductive Inference

Shahrukh Mohiuddin, Chalamalasetti Kranti, Sherzod Hakimov +1

Abductive reasoning requires forming hypotheses that explain observed evidence and revising them as new evidence becomes available. While large language models (LLMs) are often eva…

cs.CL2026

Language Equality has a Price: A Systematic Investigation of Multi-turn LLM Performance for EU-24+

Sherzod Hakimov, Karl Osswald, Jelle Psurek +3

We evaluate large language models (LLMs) as language agents playing goal-directed dialogue games in self-play across 30 languages: the 24 official EU languages plus six others. Unl…

cs.CL2026

Multi-Turn Multi-Agent Dialogue for Collaborative Reconstruction Improves VLM Performance on Spatial Reasoning, But Only Barely

Chalamalasetti Kranti, Sherzod Hakimov, David Schlangen

Robots operating in diverse environments rely on visual input to interpret objects and spatial layouts. In human-collaborative tasks, they are expected to communicate this understa…

cs.CL2026

What Are We Measuring in NLG? A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Trends 2020-2025

Jing Yang, Nils Feldhus, Salar Mohtaj +10

As Natural Language Generation (NLG) dominates modern NLP, scalable evaluation remains a critical bottleneck. Consequently, LLM-as-a-judge (LaaJ) adoption has accelerated rapidly,…

cs.CL2026

A Third Paradigm for LLM Evaluation: Dialogue Game-Based Evaluation using clembench

David Schlangen, Sherzod Hakimov, Chalamalasetti Kranti +2

There are currently two main paradigms for evaluating large language models (LLMs), reference-based evaluation and preference-based evaluation. The first, carried over from the eva…

cs.CL2026

The Price of Thought: A Multilingual Analysis of Reasoning, Performance, and Cost of Negotiation in Large Language Models

Sherzod Hakimov, Roland Bernard, Tim Leiber +5

Negotiation is a fundamental challenge for AI agents, as it requires an ability to reason strategically, model opponents, and balance cooperation with competition. We present the f…