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cs.CL2026

Task Vectors, Learned Not Extracted: Performance Gains and Mechanistic Insight

Haolin Yang, Hakaze Cho, Kaize Ding +1

Large Language Models (LLMs) can perform new tasks from in-context demonstrations, a phenomenon known as in-context learning (ICL). Recent work suggests that these demonstrations a…

cs.CL2026

Localizing Task Recognition and Task Learning in In-Context Learning via Attention Head Analysis

Haolin Yang, Hakaze Cho, Naoya Inoue

We investigate the mechanistic underpinnings of in-context learning (ICL) in large language models by reconciling two dominant perspectives: the component-level analysis of attenti…

cs.CL2025

Unifying Attention Heads and Task Vectors via Hidden State Geometry in In-Context Learning

Haolin Yang, Hakaze Cho, Yiqiao Zhong +1

The unusual properties of in-context learning (ICL) have prompted investigations into the internal mechanisms of large language models. Prior work typically focuses on either speci…

cs.CL2025

Mechanistic Fine-tuning for In-context Learning

Hakaze Cho, Peng Luo, Mariko Kato +2

In-context Learning (ICL) utilizes structured demonstration-query inputs to induce few-shot learning on Language Models (LMs), which are not originally pre-trained on ICL-style dat…

cs.CL2025

StaICC: Standardized Evaluation for Classification Task in In-context Learning

Hakaze Cho, Naoya Inoue

Classification tasks are widely investigated in the In-Context Learning (ICL) paradigm. However, current efforts are evaluated on disjoint benchmarks and settings, while their perf…

cs.CL2025

Measuring Intrinsic Dimension of Token Embeddings

Takuya Kataiwa, Cho Hakaze, Tetsushi Ohki

In this study, we measure the Intrinsic Dimension (ID) of token embedding to estimate the intrinsic dimensions of the manifolds spanned by the representations, so as to evaluate th…