6 papers
OpenAI GPT-5 System Card
Aaditya Singh, Adam Fry, Adam Perelman +483
This is the system card published alongside the OpenAI GPT-5 launch, August 2025. GPT-5 is a unified system with a smart and fast model that answers most questions, a deeper reason…
The Bias is in the Details: An Assessment of Cognitive Bias in LLMs
R. Alexander Knipper, Charles S. Knipper, Kaiqi Zhang +3
As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in real-world decision-making processes, it becomes crucial to examine the extent to which they exhibit cognitive biases.…
gpt-oss-120b & gpt-oss-20b Model Card
OpenAI, :, Sandhini Agarwal +124
We present gpt-oss-120b and gpt-oss-20b, two open-weight reasoning models that push the frontier of accuracy and inference cost. The models use an efficient mixture-of-expert trans…
EMA Without the Lag: Bias-Corrected Iterate Averaging Schemes
Adam Block, Cyril Zhang
Stochasticity in language model fine-tuning, often caused by the small batch sizes typically used in this regime, can destabilize training by introducing large oscillations in gene…
On the Query Complexity of Verifier-Assisted Language Generation
Edoardo Botta, Yuchen Li, Aashay Mehta +3
Recently, a plethora of works have proposed inference-time algorithms (e.g. best-of-n), which incorporate verifiers to assist the generation process. Their quality-efficiency trade…
Phi-4 Technical Report
Marah Abdin, Jyoti Aneja, Harkirat Behl +24
We present phi-4, a 14-billion parameter language model developed with a training recipe that is centrally focused on data quality. Unlike most language models, where pre-training…