4 papers
Direction of spontaneous processes in non-equilibrium systems with movable/permeable internal walls
Robert Hołyst, Paweł Jan Żuk, Anna Maciołek +2
The second law of equilibrium thermodynamics explains the direction of spontaneous processes in a system after removing internal constraints. When the system only exchanges energy…
The first law of thermodynamics in hydrodynamic steady and unsteady flows
Konrad Giżyński, Karol Makuch, Jan Paczesny +3
We studied planar compressible flows of ideal gas as models of a non-equilibrium thermodynamic system. We demonstrate that internal energy of such systems in station…
Steady state thermodynamics of ideal gas in shear flow
Karol Makuch, Konrad Giżyński, Robert Hołyst +2
Equilibrium thermodynamics describes the energy exchange of a body with its environment. Here, we describe the global energy exchange of an ideal gas in the Coutte flow in a thermo…
Steady thermodynamic fundamental relation for the interacting system in a heat flow
Robert Hołyst, Karol Makuch, Konrad Giżyński +2
There is a long-standing question of whether it is possible to extend the formalism of equilibrium thermodynamics to the case of non-equilibrium systems in steady states. We have m…