2 papers
cs.CL2026
No Reliable Evidence of Self-Reported Sentience in Small Large Language Models
Caspar Kaiser, Sean Enderby
Whether language models possess sentience has no empirical answer. But whether they believe themselves to be sentient can, in principle, be tested. We do so by querying several ope…
econ.GN2025
Measuring the Unmeasurable? Systematic Evidence on Scale Transformations in Subjective Survey Data
Caspar Kaiser, Anthony Lepinteur
Ordered response scales are ubiquitous in economics, but their interpretation rests on an untested assumption: that numerical labels reflect equal psychological intervals. We devel…