Fusing Perceptual Vision Experts with Multimodal Large Language Models for Explainable Plant Disease Diagnosis: From Benchmark Imagery to Real-World Robotic Field Validation

Ranjan Sapkota, Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis, Pengyao Xie +3

Accurate field plant disease diagnosis requires reliable fusion of uncertain and conflicting perceptual evidence. We present the Hybrid Hierarchical Multi-Agent Framework (H${}^2$M…