collaborators

6 papers

cs.LG2026

The Rate-Distortion-Polysemanticity Tradeoff in SAEs

Tommaso Mencattini, Francesco Montagna, Francesco Locatello

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) that can accurately reconstruct their input (minimizing distortion) by making efficient use of few features (minimizing the rate) often fail to learn mon…

stat.ML2026

On the Identifiability of Causal Graphs with the Invariance Principle

Francesco Montagna

Causal discovery from i.i.d. observational data is known to be generally ill-posed. We demonstrate that if we have access to the distribution {induced} by a structural causal model…

stat.ML2026

Causal Learning with the Invariance Principle

Francesco Montagna, Francesco Locatello

Causal discovery, the problem of inferring the direction of causality, is generally ill-posed. We use the language of structural causal models (SCM) to show that assuming that the…

cs.LG2026

Demystifying amortized causal discovery with transformers

Francesco Montagna, Max Cairney-Leeming, Dhanya Sridhar +1

Supervised learning for causal discovery from observational data often achieves competitive performance despite seemingly avoiding the explicit assumptions that traditional methods…

stat.ML2025

Score matching through the roof: linear, nonlinear, and latent variables causal discovery

Francesco Montagna, Philipp M. Faller, Patrick Bloebaum +2

Causal discovery from observational data holds great promise, but existing methods rely on strong assumptions about the underlying causal structure, often requiring full observabil…

stat.ME2024

Assumption violations in causal discovery and the robustness of score matching

Francesco Montagna, Atalanti A. Mastakouri, Elias Eulig +5

When domain knowledge is limited and experimentation is restricted by ethical, financial, or time constraints, practitioners turn to observational causal discovery methods to recov…