Singularities of 3-parameter line congruences in ${\mathbb{R}}^4$

Débora Lopes, Maria Aparecida Soares Ruas, Igor Chagas Santos

In this paper, we give the generic classification of the singularities of 3-parameter line congruences in ${\mathbb{R}}^4$. We also classify the generic singularities of Blaschke (af…