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cs.AI2026

REALHOP: Rethinking Multi-Hop Reasoning Evaluation via Behavioral Auditing

Jiawen Tao, Xiaokun Yuan, Yaoming Li +4

Complex questions often require multi-hop reasoning that connects facts distributed across sources or distant regions of a long context through intermediate steps. Benchmarks commo…

cs.AI2026

ExplorationBench: Measuring AI Systems' Exploration in Verifiable Alien Worlds

Ming Zhang, Zhenghao Xiang, Peizhong Gao +17

Scientific discovery begins where known problems end. There, AI systems must engage in exploration: framing hypotheses, designing experiments, and iterating on the results. However…

cs.AI2026

Breaking the Environment Wall: A Unified Framework for Preparing and Evolving Agent-Native Environments

Yukai Wu, Yuanjing Yang, Le Zhou +8

Many real-world tasks (e.g., office workflows, scientific experimentation) require LLM agents to interact repeatedly with their environments for context-dependent operations. Howev…

cs.AI2026

Beyond Rephrasing: Book-Level Organization Improves Synthetic Textbook Data for Mid-Training

Jiawen Tao, Miao Peng, Yaoming Li +7

Synthetic textbook data has improved language model pre-training, but prior work largely treats the benefit as a property of generated content or local rewriting style. We study a…

cs.AI2026

E-Bench: Benchmarking Multi-Step Tool-Use Agents in Real-World Product Scenarios

Weihuang Zheng, Tianyuan Zou, Eileen Ye +5

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents that interact with stateful environments over multiple steps: gathering hidden information, composing tool calls, a…

cs.AI2026

Do Agent Benchmarks Measure Capability? Protocol Validity in the Age of Agentic AI

Jiaqi Shao, Hanck Chen, Wei Zhang +2

Agent benchmarks increasingly evaluate repository editing, web research, terminal use, and long-horizon interaction. Their scores support capability claims only when the evaluation…