Validated Adaptation for Aerial Crowd Monitoring at Mass Gathering Scale: A Deployment Protocol, a Severity Law, and a Diagnostic for Label-Free Drone Crowd Counting, Toward the FIFA World Cup 2034 (Saudi Arabia)

AlAnoud AllGhayth, AlJawharh AlOtaibi, Jude AlSubaie

Saudi Arabia will host the 2034 FIFA World Cup and already operates crowd management at Hajj scale. Drone-based counting must hold accuracy on footage unlike anything in its traini…