6 papers
The Value of System 1 Models in Medicine
Xiufeng Yang, Konstantinos Vrettos, Zeineb Ben Chaaben +17
Many clinical decisions are a choice among a few fixed options, taken quickly and in large numbers. Such decisions also need an uncertainty estimate to know when to defer to a clin…
Autonomous Structuring of Radiology Reports Across Modalities at Archive Scale Using an Open-Weight Large Language Model
Friedrich Puttkammer, Fabian Drexel, Marlene Fritzsche +19
Purpose: To develop and evaluate an open-weight large language model (LLM) pipeline that converts an entire archive of free-text radiology reports into structured reports without h…
Auditable CT Phenotyping Through Report-derived Radiological Observations
Riga Wu, Walter Witschey, Yicheng Li +9
Medical image foundation models can predict clinical phenotypes from computed tomography (CT), but strong performance leaves open whether they read disease-specific findings or sho…
RadPRISM: Schema-stratified radiology-report supervision for concept-disentangled image representations and visual grounding
Fabian Drexel, Marlene Fritzsche, Era Stambollxhiu +15
Vision-language pretraining learns rich medical image representations from radiology reports, but previous model variants commonly operate within a single shared embedding space, s…
Information-seeking failures of large language models in agentic clinical reasoning
Krischan Braitsch, Laura K. Schmalbrock, Theresa Weltermann +11
Large language models achieve high scores on medical knowledge assessments, yet clinical reasoning requires actively deciding what to investigate under uncertainty. We developed an…
GRASP: Gated Regression-Aware Skill Proposer for Self-Improving LLM Agents
Johannes Moll, Jean-Philippe Corbeil, Jiazhen Pan +4
LLM agents acting in structured environments fail in operational rather than conversational ways, and reliability depends on procedural knowledge of the environment. Prior self-imp…