3 papers
cs.LG2026
Learned, Then Lost: A Measured Single-Example Counterfactual in Pre-training
Zachary Speck, Asa Shepard
A single training example's contribution to a finished model is normally estimated rather than measured, because measuring it takes two expensive full pre-training runs that differ…
cs.CL2026
What It Costs to Compose, Rebuild, and Correct Precomputed Memory
Asa Shepard
Language models can answer from precomputed memory, a model's saved reading of a body of material, reused across requests instead of read again at each. This paper maps where that…
cs.SE2026
Probe-and-Refine Tuning of Repository Guidance for Coding Agents
Asa Shepard, Jeannie Albrecht
LLM-based coding agents need higher-level operational knowledge about a repository (which files house which subsystems, how to run the test suite, which workflows have historically…