Catastrophic breakdown of the Caves model for quantum noise in some phase-insensitive linear amplifiers or attenuators based on atomic systems

Minchuan Zhou, Zifan Zhou, Selim M. Shahriar

When considering the effect of quantum noise (QN) in a phase-insensitive linear amplifier or attenuator, it is customary to use the single channel Caves model (SC-CM). Although thi…