VertiCue-Bench: Diagnosing Whether MLLMs Use Height Cues to Resolve 2D Ambiguity in Remote Sensing Natural Scenes

Jing Huang, Duanchu Wang, Junjie Yang +5

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently shown promising progress in geospatial reasoning. However, existing remote sensing benchmarks remain largely 2D-centric, eval…