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A Redshift Determination for XRF 020903: First Spectroscopic Observations of an X-Ray Flash
A. M. Soderberg, S. R. Kulkarni, E. Berger +10
We report the discovery of optical and radio afterglow emission from the extremely soft X-ray flash, XRF 020903. Our spectroscopic observations provide the first redshift for an X-…
A Common Origin for Cosmic Explosions Inferred from Fireball Calorimetry
E. Berger, S. R. Kulkarni, G. Pooley +8
Past studies suggest that long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have a standard energy of E_gamma ~ 10^51 erg in ultra-relativistic ejecta when corrected for asymmetry ("jets"). Ho…
The First Two Host Galaxies of X-ray Flashes: XRF 011030 and XRF 020427
J. S. Bloom, D. Fox, P. G. van Dokkum +4
Given the paucity of empirical constraints, the nature of the newly-recognized phenomena called X-Ray Flashes (XRFs) has been an open question. However, with the recent detections…
Discovery of Early Optical Emission from GRB 021211
D. W. Fox, P. A. Price, A. M. Soderberg +11
We report our discovery and early time optical, near-infrared, and radio wavelength follow-up observations of the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 021211. Our optical observati…
The Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts and Their Host Galaxies in a Cosmological Context
S. G. Djorgovski, S. R. Kulkarni, D. A. Frail +14
Studies of the cosmic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their host galaxies are now starting to provide interesting or even unique new insights in observational cosmology. Observed GRB h…
Hubble Space Telescope and Ground-Based Optical and Ultraviolet Observations of GRB010222
T. J. Galama, D. Reichart, T. M. Brown +12
We report on Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 optical and STIS near ultraviolet MAMA observations, and ground-based optical observations of GRB010222, spanning 15 hrs to 71 days. The o…