Observations of stable pickup He${}^{+}$ tori in a magnetic flux rope at 0.85 au

Chaoran Gu, Lars Berger, Verena Heidrich-Meisner +3

Interstellar pickup ions originate from the neutral interstellar medium, are ionized in the heliosphere, and picked up by the solar wind. They initially form a torus-shaped velocit…