Spall Failure of Coral Skeleton beneath Gas-Laden Canopies: An Idealized Blast-Fishing Model

Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho, Agus Wahyu Jatmiko, Rizki Dimas Permana +7

Improvised explosives used for fishing on shallow Indonesian reefs shatter coral skeleton, yet the damage they cause has been described largely through empirical radii and ecologic…