2 citations · 4 across the 7 of their papers we have counts for
7 papers
LLM-Based Test Oracles: Source-of-Authority Taxonomy -- A Systematic Literature Review
Ali Hassaan Mughal, Muhammad Bilal
Large language models (LLMs) increasingly decide whether software behaves correctly, either by writing a test oracle or by acting as one. Yet two oracles can look identical and res…
Given, When, Then, Again: Mining Subscenario Refactoring Candidates in Behaviour-Driven Test Suites with ML Classifiers and LLM-Judge Baselines
Ali Hassaan Mughal, Noor Fatima, Muhammad Bilal
Context. Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) test suites accumulate duplicated step subsequences. Three published refactoring patterns are available (within-file Background, within-…
All Green, Still Broken: Real-Flow Verification Lessons from an LLM-Integrated, Multi-Market Web Application
Muhammad Bilal, Ali Hassaan Mughal
Modern web applications increasingly combine three ingredients that are hard to test: output from large language models, multi-market internationalization, and browser-driven front…
Deja Vu at Scale: Paraphrase-Robust Detection of Duplicate Gherkin Steps in Behaviour-Driven Software Testing with Sentence-Transformer Embeddings and a 1.1M-Step Open Benchmark
Ali Hassaan Mughal, Noor Fatima, Muhammad Bilal
Context. Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) suites in Gherkin accumulate step-text duplication with documented maintenance cost. Prior detectors either require runnable tests or ar…
Software Testing at the Network Layer: Automated HTTP API Quality Assessment and Security Analysis of Production Web Applications
Ali Hassaan Mughal, Muhammad Bilal, Noor Fatima
Modern web applications rely heavily on client-side API calls to fetch data, render content, and communicate with backend services. However, the quality of these network interactio…
An Autonomous RL Agent Methodology for Dynamic Web UI Testing in a BDD Framework
Ali Hassaan Mughal
Modern software applications demand efficient and reliable testing methodologies to ensure robust user interface functionality. This paper introduces an autonomous reinforcement le…