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stat.ME2026
Identification and estimation of the conditional average treatment effect with nonignorable missing covariates, treatment, and outcome
Shuozhi Zuo, Yixin Wang, Fan Yang
Treatment effect heterogeneity is central to policy evaluation, social science, and precision medicine, where interventions can affect individuals differently. In observational stu…
stat.ME2026
Environment-Adaptive Covariate Selection: Learning When to Use Spurious Correlations for Out-of-Distribution Prediction
Shuozhi Zuo, Yixin Wang
A common approach to out-of-distribution prediction restricts models to causal or invariant covariates to avoid spurious associations that may change across environments. Despite i…