Modular analogs of character formulas and minimal lifts of modular forms

Patrick B. Allen, Preston Wake

If $f$ is a mod-$3$ eigenform of weight 2 and level $\hat{I}{“}_0({\ell }^2)$ for a prime $\ell$ such that $\ell \equiv -1(\mathrm{mod}3)$, and $\ell$ is a vexing prime for $f$, we show that there…