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Probing Thin Winds in Massive OB Stars of the SMC with JWST/NIRSPEC Br-alpha Spectroscopy
Miriam Garcia, Alexander W. Fullerton, Francisco Najarro +12
Mass loss is a key physical process in the evolution of massive stars, the impact of which propagates into galactic evolution, population synthesis models, the interpretation of hi…
Structure formation in O-type stars and Wolf-Rayet stars
C. Van der Sijpt, J. O. Sundqvist, D. Debnath +2
Turbulent small-scale structures in the envelopes and winds of massive stars have long been suggested as the cause for excessive line broadening that could not be explained by othe…
Improving 1D stellar atmosphere models with insights from multi-dimensional simulations I. 1D vs 2D stratifications and spectral comparison for O stars
G. González-Torà, A. A. C. Sander, J. O. Sundqvist +7
We compare current 1D and multi-dimensional atmosphere modelling approaches for massive stars to understand their strengths and shortcomings. We calculate averaged stratifications…
Suppression of photospheric velocity fluctuations in strongly magnetic O-stars in radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations
A. ud-Doula, J. O. Sundqvist, N. Narechania +3
O-stars generally show clear signs of strong line-broadening (in addition to rotational broadening) in their photospheric absorption lines (typically referred to as 'macroturbulenc…
Empirical mass-loss rates and clumping properties of O-type stars in the LMC
C. Hawcroft, L. Mahy, H. Sana +6
We constrain wind parameters of a sample of 18 O-type stars in the LMC, through analysis with stellar atmosphere and wind models including the effects of optically thick clumping.…
2D unified atmosphere and wind simulations of O-type stars
D. Debnath, J. O. Sundqvist, N. Moens +3
Massive and luminous O-star atmospheres with winds have been studied primarily using one-dimensional (1D), spherically symmetric, and stationary models. However, observations and t…
X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity. III. Terminal wind speeds of ULLYSES massive stars
C. Hawcroft, H. Sana, L. Mahy +26
The winds of massive stars have an impact on stellar evolution and on the surrounding medium. The maximum speed reached by these outflows, the terminal wind speed, is a global wind…
The dusty circumstellar environment of Betelgeuse during the Great Dimming as seen by VLTI/MATISSE
E. Cannon, M. Montargès, A. de Koter +23
The 'Great Dimming' of the prototypical red supergiant Betelgeuse, which occurred between December 2019 and April 2020, gives us unprecedented insight into the processes occurring…
Method and new tabulations for flux-weighted line-opacity and radiation line-force in supersonic media
L. G. Poniatowski, N. D. Kee, J. O. Sundqvist +7
In accelerating and supersonic media, the interaction of photons with spectral lines can be of ultimate importance. However, fully accounting for such line forces currently can onl…
Theoretical wind clumping predictions from 2D LDI models of O-star winds at different metallicities
F. A. Driessen, J. O. Sundqvist, A. Dagore
Hot, massive (OB) stars experience strong line-driven stellar winds and mass loss. As the majority of efficient driving lines are metallic, the amount of wind driving and mass loss…
New predictions for radiation-driven, steady-state mass-loss and wind-momentum from hot, massive stars III. Updated mass-loss rates for stellar evolution
R. Björklund, J. O. Sundqvist, S. M. Singh +2
Massive stars lose a large fraction of their mass to radiation-driven winds throughout their entire life. These outflows impact both the life and death of these stars and their sur…
First 3D Radiation-Hydrodynamic Simulations of Wolf-Rayet Winds
N. Moens, L. G. Poniatowski, L. Hennicker +3
Classical Wolf Rayet (WR) stars are direct supernova progenitors undergoing vigorous mass-loss. Understanding the dense and fast outflows of such WR stars is thus crucial for under…
The R136 star cluster dissected with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS. III. The most massive stars and their clumped winds
Sarah A. Brands, Alex de Koter, Joachim M. Bestenlehner +17
Context: The star cluster R136 inside the LMC hosts a rich population of massive stars, including the most massive stars known. The strong stellar winds of these very luminous star…
Ultraviolet Spectropolarimetry with Polstar: Clumping and Mass-loss Rate Corrections
Ken Gayley, Jorick S. Vink, Asif ud-Doula +13
The most massive stars are thought to lose a significant fraction of their mass in a steady wind during the main-sequence and blue supergiant phases. This in turn sets the stage fo…
Binary-object spectral-synthesis in 3D (BOSS-3D) -- Modelling H-alpha emission in the enigmatic multiple system LB-1
L. Hennicker, N. D. Kee, T. Shenar +5
Context: To quantitatively decode the information stored within an observed spectrum, detailed modelling of the physical state and accurate radiative transfer solution schemes are…
Simulations of the line-driven instability in magnetic hot star winds
F. A. Driessen, N. D. Kee, J. O. Sundqvist
Line-driven winds of hot, luminous stars are intrinsically unstable due to the line-deshadowing instability (LDI). In non-magnetic hot stars, the LDI leads to the formation of an i…
Upper Mass-Loss Limits and Clumping in the Intermediate and Outer Wind Regions of OB stars
M. M. Rubio-Díez, J. O. Sundqvist, F. Najarro +4
We probe the radial clumping stratification of OB stars in the intermediate and outer wind regions (r>~2 R*) to derive upper limits for mass-loss rates, and compare to current mass…
Empirical mass-loss rates and clumping properties of Galactic early-type O supergiants
C. Hawcroft, H. Sana, L. Mahy +7
We investigate the impact of optically thick clumping on stellar wind diagnostics in O supergiants and constrain wind parameters associated with porosity in velocity space. This is…
Ultraviolet Line Profiles of Slowly Rotating Massive Star Winds Using the "Analytic Dynamical Magnetosphere" Formalism
C. Erba, A. David-Uraz, V. Petit +6
Recent large-scale spectropolarimetric surveys have established that a small but significant percentage of massive stars host stable, surface dipolar magnetic fields with strengths…
Constraining the Overcontact Phase in Massive Binary Evolution I. Mixing in V382 Cyg, VFTS 352, and OGLE SMC-SC10 108086
Michael Abdul-Masih, Hugues Sana, Calum Hawcroft +10
As potential progenitors of several exotic phenomena including gravitational wave sources, magnetic stars, and Be stars, close massive binary systems probe a crucial area of the pa…
Shock-heated radiation-driven outflows as a solution to the weak-wind problem of late O-type stars
C. Lagae, F. A. Driessen, L. Hennicker +2
Context. Radiation-driven mass loss is key to our understanding of massive-star evolution. However, for low-luminosity O-type stars there are big discrepancies between theoreticall…
Analytic, dust-independent mass-loss rates for red supergiant winds initiated by turbulent pressure
N. D. Kee, J. O. Sundqvist, L. Decin +2
Context. Red supergiants are observed to undergo vigorous mass-loss. However, to date, no theoretical model has succeeded in explaining the origins of these objects' winds. This st…
The inner circumstellar dust of the red supergiant Antares as seen with VLT/SPHERE/ZIMPOL
E. Cannon, M. Montarges, A. de Koter +6
The processes by which red supergiants lose mass are not fully understood thus-far and their mass-loss rates lack theoretical constraints. The ambient surroundings of the nearby M0…
Dynamically inflated wind models of classical Wolf-Rayet stars
L. G. Poniatowski, J. O. Sundqvist, N. D. Kee +6
Vigorous mass loss in the classical Wolf-Rayet (WR) phase is important for the late evolution and final fate of massive stars. We develop spherically symmetric time-dependent and s…