Is the low-energy tail of shock-accelerated protons responsible for over-ionized plasma in supernova remnants?

Makoto Sawada, Liyi Gu, Ryo Yamazaki

Over-ionized, recombining plasma is an emerging class of X-ray bright supernova remnants (SNRs). This unique thermal state where the ionization temperature ($T_{\mathrm{z}}$) is signifi…