collaborators

6 papers

cs.CL2026

Benchmarking Large Language Models for Cryptanalysis and Side-Channel Vulnerabilities

Utsav Maskey, Chencheng Zhu, Usman Naseem

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language understanding and generation, leading to extensive benchmarking across diverse tasks. However,…

cs.CL2026

Over-Refusal and Representation Subspaces: A Mechanistic Analysis of Task-Conditioned Refusal in Aligned LLMs

Utsav Maskey, Mark Dras, Usman Naseem

Aligned language models that are trained to refuse harmful requests also exhibit over-refusal: they decline safe instructions that seemingly resemble harmful instructions. A natura…

cs.CL2026

SafeConstellations: Mitigating Over-Refusals in LLMs Through Task-Aware Representation Steering

Utsav Maskey, Sumit Yadav, Mark Dras +1

LLMs increasingly exhibit over-refusal behavior, where safety mechanisms cause models to reject benign instructions that seemingly resemble harmful content. This phenomenon diminis…

cs.CL2026

MaiBERT: A Pre-training Corpus and Language Model for Low-Resourced Maithili Language

Sumit Yadav, Raju Kumar Yadav, Utsav Maskey +3

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) for low-resource languages remains a major challenge in NLP due to the scarcity of high-quality data and language-specific models. Maithili, de…

cs.CL2025

Steering Over-refusals Towards Safety in Retrieval Augmented Generation

Utsav Maskey, Mark Dras, Usman Naseem

Safety alignment in large language models (LLMs) induces over-refusals -- where LLMs decline benign requests due to aggressive safety filters. We analyze this phenomenon in retriev…

cs.CL2025

Should LLM Safety Be More Than Refusing Harmful Instructions?

Utsav Maskey, Mark Dras, Usman Naseem

This paper presents a systematic evaluation of Large Language Models' (LLMs) behavior on long-tail distributed (encrypted) texts and their safety implications. We introduce a two-d…