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20242026
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cs.LG2026

Entropy Minimization without Model Collapse: Mitigating Prediction Bias in Medical Imaging

Tim Nielen, Sameer Ambekar, Johannes Kiechle +2

Entropy minimization (EM) is the dominant objective for test-time adaptation, yet its failure mode, model collapse, remains poorly understood. In this work, we show that distributi…

cs.LG2026

Hierarchical Adaptive networks with Task vectors for Test-Time Adaptation

Sameer Ambekar, Marta Hasny, Laura Daza +2

Test-time adaptation allows pretrained models to adjust to incoming data streams, addressing distribution shifts between source and target domains. However, standard methods rely o…

cs.LG2026

The Mean is the Mirage: Entropy-Adaptive Model Merging under Heterogeneous Domain Shifts in Medical Imaging

Sameer Ambekar, Reza Nasirigerdeh, Peter J. Schuffler +3

Model merging under unseen test-time distribution shifts often renders naive strategies, such as mean averaging unreliable. This challenge is especially acute in medical imaging, w…

cs.LG2025

GeneralizeFormer: Layer-Adaptive Model Generation across Test-Time Distribution Shifts

Sameer Ambekar, Zehao Xiao, Xiantong Zhen +1

We consider the problem of test-time domain generalization, where a model is trained on several source domains and adjusted on target domains never seen during training. Different…

cs.LG2024

Selective Test-Time Adaptation for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection using Neural Implicit Representations

Sameer Ambekar, Julia A. Schnabel, Cosmin I. Bercea

Deep learning models in medical imaging often encounter challenges when adapting to new clinical settings unseen during training. Test-time adaptation offers a promising approach t…

cs.LG2024

Probabilistic Test-Time Generalization by Variational Neighbor-Labeling

Sameer Ambekar, Zehao Xiao, Jiayi Shen +2

This paper strives for domain generalization, where models are trained exclusively on source domains before being deployed on unseen target domains. We follow the strict separation…