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20232026
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cs.NE2026

ES-AHD: An Evolution Strategy Framework for Automatic Heuristic Design

Yutao Lai, Kezhao Lai, Hai-Lin Liu +2

In this paper, we introduce ES-AHD, a novel framework that fundamentally integrates Evolution Strategy (ES) into Large Language Model (LLM)-driven Automatic Heuristic Design (AHD).…

cs.LG2026

Bi-EZP: LLM-Guided Bilevel Program Evolution for Ensemble Zero-Cost Proxy Discovery

Yutao Lai, Kezhao Lai, Hai-Lin Liu

Zero-cost proxies enable neural architecture search (NAS) to rank candidate networks from statistics computed at initialization, avoiding repeated training. However, different prox…

cs.AI2026

SpecAHD: Localize to Specialize for Automated Heuristic Design in Large-Scale Routing Problems

Kezhao Lai, Yutao Lai, Hai-Lin Liu

LLM-based automated heuristic design (AHD) typically scores executable programs on complete instances or within fixed solver components. In large-scale routing problems, localized…

cs.AI2026

Strat-Reasoner: Reinforcing Strategic Reasoning of LLMs in Multi-Agent Games

Yidong He, Yutao Lai, Pengxu Yang +4

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in certain reasoning tasks, they struggle in multi-agent games where the final outcome depends on the joint strategies of all agents. In mu…

cs.LG2026

Beyond the Node: Clade-level Selection for Efficient MCTS in Automatic Heuristic Design

Kezhao Lai, Yutao Lai, Hai-Lin Liu

While Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) shows promise in Large Language Model (LLM) based Automatic Heuristic Design (AHD), it suffers from a critical over-exploitation tendency under…