The 2-Adic Valuation of the Order of the All-Ones Class in the Sandpile Group of a Square

Turgay Akyar, Artem Beliakov, Konstantin Delchev +6

Place one grain at every nonsink vertex of the wired $n\times n$ square, and let $L(n)$ be the order of this operation in the sandpile group. Thus $L(n)$ is the least positive $q$…