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20242026
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cs.CL2026

The Mechanistic Emergence of Symbol Grounding in Language Models

Shuyu Wu, Ziqiao Ma, Xiaoxi Luo +4

Symbol grounding (Harnad, 1990) describes how symbols such as words acquire their meanings by connecting to real-world sensorimotor experiences. Recent work has shown preliminary e…

cs.CL2025

Communication and Verification in LLM Agents towards Collaboration under Information Asymmetry

Run Peng, Ziqiao Ma, Amy Pang +5

While Large Language Model (LLM) agents are often approached from the angle of action planning/generation to accomplish a goal (e.g., given by language descriptions), their abiliti…

cs.CL2025

Vision-Language Models Are Not Pragmatically Competent in Referring Expression Generation

Ziqiao Ma, Jing Ding, Xuejun Zhang +6

Referring Expression Generation (REG) is a core task for evaluating the pragmatic competence of vision-language systems, requiring not only accurate semantic grounding but also adh…

cs.CL2025

Training Turn-by-Turn Verifiers for Dialogue Tutoring Agents: The Curious Case of LLMs as Your Coding Tutors

Jian Wang, Yinpei Dai, Yichi Zhang +3

Intelligent tutoring agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly explored to deliver personalized knowledge in areas such as language learning and science…

cs.CL2025

Babysit A Language Model From Scratch: Interactive Language Learning by Trials and Demonstrations

Ziqiao Ma, Zekun Wang, Joyce Chai

Humans are efficient language learners and inherently social creatures. Our language development is largely shaped by our social interactions, for example, the demonstration and fe…

cs.CL2024

Towards A Holistic Landscape of Situated Theory of Mind in Large Language Models

Ziqiao Ma, Jacob Sansom, Run Peng +1

Large Language Models (LLMs) have generated considerable interest and debate regarding their potential emergence of Theory of Mind (ToM). Several recent inquiries reveal a lack of…