Evolving Machine Learning in Non-Stationary Environments: A Unified Survey of Drift, Forgetting, and Adaptation

Ignacio Cabrera Martin, Subhaditya Mukherjee, Almas Baimagambetov +2

In an era defined by rapid data evolution, traditional Machine Learning (ML) models often struggle to adapt to dynamic environments. Evolving Machine Learning (EML) has emerged as…