Direct observation of nanometer-scale pinning sites in (Nd${}_{0.33}$,Eu${}_{0.20}$,Gd${}_{0.47}$)Ba${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{7-\delta }$ single crystals

P. Das, M. R. Koblischka, S. Turner +4

We report on the observation of self-organized stripe-like structures on the as-grown surface and in the bulk of (Nd,Eu,Gd)Ba${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_y$ single crystals. The periodicity of the…