activity
20232026
most citedTokenizer Choice For LLM Training: Negligible or Crucial?

4 citations · 10 across the 14 of their papers we have counts for

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13 papers · 1 filter

cs.CL2026

LoopMTP: A looped transformer guided by latent multi-token prediction

Behzad Shomali, Markus Frey, David Berghaus +2

Looped transformers have emerged as a parameter-efficient alternative to scaling depth for strong reasoning. By reusing one stack of layers across iterations, they attain the e…

cs.CL2026

KletterMix: Climbing Toward High-Quality German Pretraining Data - The Full Report

Maurice Kraus, Ruben Härle, Sebastian Sztwiertnia +5

High-quality pretraining data is a central ingredient in modern language models, but German-language resources remain far less developed than their English counterparts: they are o…

cs.CL2026★ 1 cited

A Sovereign, Open-Source Foundation Model for German and English

Soofi-Team, :, Benedikt Droste +30

We present Soofi S 30B-A3B, a sovereign, open-source Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) hybrid Mamba Transformer foundation model for German and English. Its hybrid design activates only 3B…

cs.CL2026

LLM Parameters for Math Across Languages: Shared or Separate?

Behzad Shomali, Luisa Victor, Tim Selbach +5

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit substantial cross-lingual variation in mathematical reasoning performance, but it remains unclear whether these differences reflect language-sp…

cs.CL2026

A Dual-Path Architecture for Scaling Compute and Capacity in LLMs

Markus Frey, Behzad Shomali, Joachim Koehler +1

Looped transformers apply a shared block multiple times and have emerged as a parameter-efficient route to scaling compute in language models. However, at fixed FLOPs a looped mode…

cs.CL2026

Adaptive Loops and Memory in Transformers: Think Harder or Know More?

Markus Frey, Behzad Shomali, Ali Hamza Bashir +3

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting enables reasoning in language models but requires explicit verbalization of intermediate steps. Looped transformers offer an alternative by iterati…

cs.CL2026

Is continuous CoT better suited for multi-lingual reasoning?

Ali Hamza Bashir, Behzad Shomali, Markus Frey +3

We investigate whether performing reasoning in a continuous latent space leads to more robust multilingual capabilities. We compare Continuous Chain-of-Thought (using the CODI fram…

cs.CL2025

Judging Quality Across Languages: A Multilingual Approach to Pretraining Data Filtering with Language Models

Mehdi Ali, Manuel Brack, Max Lübbering +15

High-quality multilingual training data is essential for effectively pretraining large language models (LLMs). Yet, the availability of suitable open-source multilingual datasets r…

cs.CL2024★ 3 cited

Towards Multilingual LLM Evaluation for European Languages

Klaudia Thellmann, Bernhard Stadler, Michael Fromm +8

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing across numerous languages and tasks. However, evaluating LLM performance in a consistent and…

cs.CL2024

Data Processing for the OpenGPT-X Model Family

Nicolo' Brandizzi, Hammam Abdelwahab, Anirban Bhowmick +19

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the data preparation pipeline developed for the OpenGPT-X project, a large-scale initiative aimed at creating open and high-performa…

cs.CL2024★ 2 cited

Teuken-7B-Base & Teuken-7B-Instruct: Towards European LLMs

Mehdi Ali, Michael Fromm, Klaudia Thellmann +38

We present two multilingual LLMs, Teuken 7B-base and Teuken 7B-instruct, designed to embrace Europe's linguistic diversity by supporting all 24 official languages of the European U…

cs.CL2024

Do Multilingual Large Language Models Mitigate Stereotype Bias?

Shangrui Nie, Michael Fromm, Charles Welch +7

While preliminary findings indicate that multilingual LLMs exhibit reduced bias compared to monolingual ones, a comprehensive understanding of the effect of multilingual training o…

cs.CL2024

Investigating Multilingual Instruction-Tuning: Do Polyglot Models Demand for Multilingual Instructions?

Alexander Arno Weber, Klaudia Thellmann, Jan Ebert +4

The adaption of multilingual pre-trained LLMs into eloquent and helpful assistants is essential to facilitate their use across different language regions. In that spirit, we are th…