Band structure of a two-dimensional (2D) electron gas in the presence of 2D electric and magnetic modulations and of a perpendicular magnetic field

X. F. Wang, P. Vasilopoulos, F. M. Peeters

Two-dimensional (2D) periodic electric modulations of a 2D electron gas split each Landau level into the well-known butterfly-type spectrum described by a Harper-type equation mult…