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cs.LG2026
Toward Machine Learning with the Unit as a Primitive: Learning from Unit-Linked Events
Heyang Gong
Machine learning is usually formalized through samples, while the persistent individual to which multiple observed or possible events refer often remains implicit. We propose the \…
cs.AI2026
From Attention Masks to Inert Zero-Vector Tokens: OAttention and O-Closure for Token Dynamics
Heyang Gong
Attention masks are relation-level controls: they specify which query--source pairs may interact. They do not provide a representation-carried token state that is non-participating…