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cs.IR2026
CeQe: Grounding Lexical Retrieval in Semantic Evidence
Adam Kahirov, Umesh Deshpande, Swaminathan Sundararaman
Lexical retrieval (BM25) captures exact keyword matches and weights terms by corpus-wide significance, but it is blind to the semantic vocabulary gap: when a relevant document phra…
cs.IR2026
Hierarchical BM25: Lexical Search at Billion-Document Scale
Umesh Deshpande, Swaminathan Sundararaman
A flat BM25 index over one billion documents occupies about 400 GB. Holding it in memory requires DRAM proportional to corpus size. Serving it from disk takes 4-12 seconds per quer…