3 papers
cs.CL2026
Attention Residuals
Kimi Team, Guangyu Chen, Yu Zhang +34
Residual connections with PreNorm are standard in modern LLMs, yet they accumulate all layer outputs with fixed unit weights. This uniform aggregation causes uncontrolled hidden-st…
cs.LG2025
Kimi K2: Open Agentic Intelligence
Kimi Team, Yifan Bai, Yiping Bao +195
We introduce Kimi K2, a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) large language model with 32 billion activated parameters and 1 trillion total parameters. We propose the MuonClip optimizer, which…
cs.AI2025
Kimi k1.5: Scaling Reinforcement Learning with LLMs
Kimi Team, Angang Du, Bofei Gao +93
Language model pretraining with next token prediction has proved effective for scaling compute but is limited to the amount of available training data. Scaling reinforcement learni…