4 papers
AI-Native Closed-Loop Security for 6G-Enabled Cyber-Physical Systems: From Edge Detection to Network-Wide Mitigation
Bilal Hussain, Muhammad Bilal, Tan Li +6
In sixth-generation (6G) networks, billions of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) - autonomous vehicles, smart grids, industrial robots, and remote-surgical equipment - will run over ul…
Certified Closed-Loop Control for Packet Networks: A Compositional Certification Framework
Muhammad Bilal, Jon Crowcroft, Xiaolong Xu +1
Packet networks are controlled dynamical systems with discontinuities, delayed observations, and partial state information. Adaptive or learning-driven proposers can improve perfor…
Network-Optimised Spiking Neural Network for Event-Driven Networking
Muhammad Bilal
Delay-coupled systems often require low-latency decisions from sparse telemetry, where dense fixed-step neural inference is wasteful and can degrade near stability margins. We intr…
Network-Optimised Spiking Neural Network (NOS) Scheduling for 6G O-RAN: Spectral Margin and Delay-Tail Control
Muhammad Bilal, Xiaolong Xu
This work presents a Network-Optimised Spiking (NOS) delay-aware scheduler for 6G radio access. The scheme couples a bounded two-state kernel to a clique-feasible proportional-fair…