3D printing by two-photon polymerization of hollow microneedles for interstitial fluid extraction

Tiago Elias Abi-Ramia Silva, Stephan Kohler, Nicolas Bartzsch +2

Dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) is a rich source of biomarkers (e.g., glucose) that can be used for continuous health monitoring with wearable sensors. Hollow microneedle devices a…