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20242026
most citedCritical Data Size of Language Models from a Grokking Perspective

2 citations · 3 across the 21 of their papers we have counts for

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17 papers · 1 filter

cs.AI2026

HABIT-Bench: Evaluating Habit Induction from Longitudinal Weak Evidence in Agent Memory

Junming Zhang, Rubin Wei, Xu Cheng +7

In long-term interactions with large language model (LLM) agents, users reveal habits through their choices and actions. These habits capture implicit user information that agents…

cs.CL2026

NCP-ArchPreview Technical Report: Moving towards Latent Space Language Models through Next Concept Prediction

NCP Team, Jiaqi Cao, Chiyu Chen +25

We introduce NCP-ArchPreview, a latent-space language model that pushes autoregressive pretraining beyond standard next-token prediction (NTP). Alongside NTP, the model learns thro…

cs.LG2026

Intern-S2-Preview: Scientific Agentic Foundation Model

Lei Bai, Jiaqi Cao, Chiyu Chen +121

Scientific discovery increasingly requires AI systems that can reason over scientific evidence of heterogeneous modalities, interact with scientific tools and environments, and sus…

cs.CL2026

Memory Decoder at Scale: A Pretrained, Parametric Long-Term Memory

Rubin Wei, Jiaqi Cao, Jiarui Wang +4

Decoder-only language models entangle long-term memory and reasoning in a single parameter set, making it difficult to scale memory capacity independently. Memory Decoder introduce…

cs.LG2026

MemSFT: Mitigating Alignment Tax with an External Parametric Memory

Jiarui Wang, Xiang Shi, Jiaqi Cao +8

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to specialized domains often incurs an alignment tax, as fine-tuning on domain-specific tasks can cause catastrophic forgetting and substantia…

cs.CL2026

Information-Aware KV Cache Compression for Long Reasoning

Jushi Kai, Zhuiri Xiao, Alexandra Birch +1

Reasoning capability has advanced rapidly in large language models (LLMs), leading to an increasing size of key-value (KV) cache in both prefilling and decoding stages. Existing KV…

cs.CL2026

Depth-Attention: Cross-Layer Value Mixing for Language Models

Boyi Zeng, Yiqin Hao, Zitong Wang +7

Self-attention selects information freely across the sequence, but across depth, Transformers merely add each layer's output to the residual stream, so later layers cannot selectiv…

cs.CL2026

FlowLM: Few-Step Language Modeling via Diffusion-to-Flow Adaptation

Runzhe Zhang, Letian Chen, Wenpeng Zhang +2

We present FlowLM, a flow matching language model transformed from pre-trained diffusion language models via efficient fine-tuning. By re-aligning the curved sampling trajectories…

cs.LG2026

Mitigating Premature Discretization with Progressive Quantization for Robust Vector Tokenization

Wenhao Zhao, Qiran Zou, Zhouhan Lin +1

Vector Quantization (VQ) has become the cornerstone of tokenization for many multimodal Large Language Models and diffusion synthesis. However, existing VQ paradigms suffer from a…

cs.LG2026

Early Quantization Shrinks Codebook: A Simple Fix for Diversity-Preserving Tokenization

Wenhao Zhao, Qiran Zou, Rushi Shah +3

Vector quantization is a technique in machine learning that discretizes continuous representations into a set of discrete vectors. It is widely employed in tokenizing data represen…

cs.CL2026

VQKV: High-Fidelity and High-Ratio Cache Compression via Vector-Quantization

Yixuan Wang, Qingyu Shi, Jiayu Zhou +3

The growing context length of Large Language Models (LLMs) enlarges the Key-Value (KV) cache, limiting deployment in resource-limited environments. Prior training-free approaches f…

cs.CL2026

AdaPonderLM: Gated Pondering Language Models with Token-Wise Adaptive Depth

Shixiang Song, He Li, Zitong Wang +6

Test-time scaling via recurrent/iterative Transformers enables large language models to spend more computation at inference, but most pretrained recurrent LMs run a fixed number of…

cs.CL2026

PonderLM-3: Adaptive Token-Wise Pondering with Differentiable Masking

He Li, Feichen Song, Boyi Zeng +4

Test-time scaling has shown that allocating more additional computation at inference can improve generation quality, motivating a natural follow-up question: where should this comp…

cs.CL2026

CoDAR: Continuous Diffusion Language Models are More Powerful Than You Think

Junzhe Shen, Jieru Zhao, Ziwei He +1

We study why continuous diffusion language models (DLMs) have lagged behind discrete diffusion approaches despite their appealing continuous generative dynamics. Under a controlled…

cs.AI2026

Controlling Exploration-Exploitation in GFlowNets via Markov Chain Perspectives

Lin Chen, Samuel Drapeau, Fanghao Shao +5

Generative Flow Network (GFlowNet) objectives implicitly fix an equal mixing of forward and backward policies, potentially constraining the exploration-exploitation trade-off durin…

cs.LG2026

Towards Compressive and Scalable Recurrent Memory

Yunchong Song, Jushi Kai, Liming Lu +2

Transformers face a quadratic bottleneck in attention when scaling to long contexts. Recent approaches introduce recurrent memory to extend context beyond the current window, yet t…

cs.CL2026

Next Concept Prediction in Discrete Latent Space Leads to Stronger Language Models

Yuliang Liu, Yunchong Song, Yixuan Wang +6

We propose Next Concept Prediction (NCP), a generative pretraining paradigm built on top of Next Token Prediction (NTP). NCP predicts discrete concepts that span multiple tokens, t…