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20242026
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stat.ML2026

Learning Style, Forgetting Semantics: A Case Study of SFT and RFT on Classification Tasks

Haodong Liang, Yanhao Jin, Krishnakumar Balasubramanian +1

Why does supervised fine-tuning (SFT) lead to more forgetting than reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT), even when all teacher demonstrations are semantically correct? We study this que…

stat.ML2026

Finite-Particle Convergence Rates for Conservative and Non-Conservative Drifting Models

Krishnakumar Balasubramanian

We analyze finite-particle drifting models for one-step generative modeling. For a conservative velocity given by the difference of the kernel-smoothed data and model scores, a joi…

stat.ML2026

Unbiased Gradients, Moving Stability Boundaries: Exact Mini-Batch Geometry in Linear Self-Attention

Krishnakumar Balasubramanian

Unbiased stochastic gradients can match the full gradient in expectation while changing finite-step stability. We study this effect in one-layer linear self-attention for in-contex…

stat.ML2025

Differentially Private Two-Stage Gradient Descent for Instrumental Variable Regression

Haodong Liang, Yanhao Jin, Krishnakumar Balasubramanian +1

We study instrumental variable regression (IVaR) under differential privacy constraints. Classical IVaR methods (like two-stage least squares regression) rely on solving moment equ…

stat.ML2025

Finite-Dimensional Gaussian Approximation for Deep Neural Networks: Universality in Random Weights

Krishnakumar Balasubramanian, Nathan Ross

We study the Finite-Dimensional Distributions (FDDs) of deep neural networks with randomly initialized weights that have finite-order moments. Specifically, we establish Gaussian a…

stat.ML2024

In-context Learning for Mixture of Linear Regressions: Existence, Generalization and Training Dynamics

Yanhao Jin, Krishnakumar Balasubramanian, Lifeng Lai

We investigate the in-context learning capabilities of transformers for the -dimensional mixture of linear regression model, providing theoretical insights into their existence,…

stat.ML2024

Transformers Handle Endogeneity in In-Context Linear Regression

Haodong Liang, Krishnakumar Balasubramanian, Lifeng Lai

We explore the capability of transformers to address endogeneity in in-context linear regression. Our main finding is that transformers inherently possess a mechanism to handle end…