29 citations · 96 across the 15 of their papers we have counts for
15 papers · 1 filter
An Equation of State for Supercritical Silicate-Hydrogen Mixtures at Sub-Neptune Interior Conditions
Sarah P. Marcum, Lars Stixrude, Edward D. Young
Many sub-Neptunes are expected to contain long-lived molten silicate interiors beneath dense H2-rich envelopes. At pressures and temperatures near the atmosphere-interior boundary,…
Hydrogen Engulfment into Sub-Neptune Cores through Magma Ocean Convective Surface Renewal
Edward D. Young
A convective surface renewal explanation for ingassing of hydrogen from H2-rich envelopes into molten cores of growing planets is presented, with particular application to sub-Nept…
Ice Giants Revisited: Uranus and Neptune as Magma Ocean Worlds
Edward D. Young, Sarah P. Marcum, Aaron Werlen +1
Uranus and Neptune are commonly interpreted as volatile-rich "ice giants", an assumption that underpins most interior models. Here we show that their observed radii, bulk densities…
A New Global Chemical Equilibrium Code: Refractory Element Signatures in Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes
Simon Grimm, Marie-Luise Steinmeyer, Aaron Werlen +3
The atmospheres of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes can be strongly modified by chemical exchange with their molten interiors during long-lived magma ocean phases. Interpreting atmosp…
The Influences of Hydrogen-Silicate-Iron Miscibility on the Demographics of Sub-Neptunes and Super-Earths
Edward D. Young, Aaron Werlen
Models based on variable miscibility among hydrogen, molten silicate, and molten iron, coupled with atmospheric escape, can reproduce the observed occurrence density structure of s…
The Effects of Non-ideal Mixing in Planetary Magma Oceans and Atmospheres
Aaron Werlen, Edward D. Young, Hilke E. Schlichting +2
Sub-Neptunes with hydrogen-rich envelopes are expected to sustain long-lived magma oceans that continuously exchange volatiles with their overlying atmospheres. Capturing these int…
Magma ocean interactions can explain JWST observations of the sub-Neptune TOI-270 d
Matthew C. Nixon, R. Sander Somers, Arjun B. Savel +9
Sub-Neptunes with substantial atmospheres may possess magma oceans in contact with the overlying gas, with chemical interactions between the atmosphere and magma playing an importa…
Redefining interiors and envelopes: hydrogen-silicate miscibility and its consequences for the structure and evolution of sub-Neptunes
James G. Rogers, Edward D. Young, Hilke E. Schlichting
We present the first evolving interior structure model for sub-Neptunes that accounts for the miscibility between silicate magma and hydrogen. Silicate and hydrogen are miscible ab…
Sub-Neptunes Are Drier Than They Seem: Rethinking the Origins of Water-Rich Worlds
Aaron Werlen, Caroline Dorn, Remo Burn +3
Recent claims of biosignature gases in sub-Neptune atmospheres have renewed interest in water-rich sub-Neptunes with surface oceans, often referred to as Hycean planets. These plan…
Differentiation, the exception not the rule -- Evidence for full miscibility in sub-Neptune interiors
Edward D. Young, Aaron Werlen, Sarah P. Marcum +2
We investigate the consequences of non-ideal mixing between silicate, iron metal, and hydrogen for the structures of the cores of sub-Neptunes with implications for super-Earths, w…
Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited
Aaron Werlen, Caroline Dorn, Hilke E. Schlichting +2
Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope has enabled detailed spectroscopic characterization of sub-Neptune atmospheres. With detections of carbon- and oxygen-bearing species such…
Most Super-Earths Have Less Than 3% Water
James G. Rogers, Caroline Dorn, Vivasvaan Aditya Raj +2
Super-Earths are highly irradiated, small planets with bulk densities approximately consistent with Earth. We construct combined interior-atmosphere models of super-Earths that tra…
Phase equilibria of sub-Neptunes and super-Earths
Edward D. Young, Lars Stixrude, James G. Rogers +2
We investigate the consequences of non-ideal chemical interaction between silicate and overlying hydrogen-rich envelopes for rocky planets using basic tenets of phase equilibria. B…
JWST Reveals CH, CO, and HO in a Metal-rich Miscible Atmosphere on a Two-Earth-Radius Exoplanet
Björn Benneke, Pierre-Alexis Roy, Louis-Philippe Coulombe +28
Even though sub-Neptunes likely represent the most common outcome of planet formation, their natures remain poorly understood. In particular, planets near 1.5-2.5 often…
Fleeting but not Forgotten: the Imprint of Escaping Hydrogen Atmospheres on Super-Earth Interiors
James G. Rogers, Hilke E. Schlichting, Edward D. Young
Small, close-in exoplanets are divided into two sub-populations: super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. Most super-Earths are thought to have lost their primordially accreted hydrogen-domi…