most citedComputational Limits of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) Fine-Tuning for Transformer Models

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cs.LG2025

A Theoretical Analysis of Discrete Flow Matching Generative Models

Maojiang Su, Mingcheng Lu, Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu +4

We provide a theoretical analysis for end-to-end training Discrete Flow Matching (DFM) generative models. DFM is a promising discrete generative modeling framework that learns the…

cs.LG2025

Are Hallucinations Bad Estimations?

Hude Liu, Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu, Jennifer Yuntong Zhang +2

We formalize hallucinations in generative models as failures to link an estimate to any plausible cause. Under this interpretation, we show that even loss-minimizing optimal estima…

cs.LG2025

Minimalist Softmax Attention Provably Learns Constrained Boolean Functions

Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu, Xiwen Zhang, Maojiang Su +2

We study the computational limits of learning -bit Boolean functions (specifically, , , and their noisy variants), using a minimalist single-head soft…

cs.LG2025

Attention Mechanism, Max-Affine Partition, and Universal Approximation

Hude Liu, Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu, Zhao Song +1

We establish the universal approximation capability of single-layer, single-head self- and cross-attention mechanisms with minimal attached structures. Our key insight is to interp…

cs.LG2024

In-Context Deep Learning via Transformer Models

Weimin Wu, Maojiang Su, Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu +2

We investigate the transformer's capability to simulate the training process of deep models via in-context learning (ICL), i.e., in-context deep learning. Our key contribution is p…

cs.LG2024

Fundamental Limits of Prompt Tuning Transformers: Universality, Capacity and Efficiency

Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu, Wei-Po Wang, Ammar Gilani +3

We investigate the statistical and computational limits of prompt tuning for transformer-based foundation models. Our key contributions are prompt tuning on \emph{single-head} tran…

cs.LG2024★ 2 cited

Computational Limits of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) Fine-Tuning for Transformer Models

Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu, Maojiang Su, En-Jui Kuo +2

We study the computational limits of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) for finetuning transformer-based models using fine-grained complexity theory. Our key observation is that the existe…

cs.LG2024

On Computational Limits of Modern Hopfield Models: A Fine-Grained Complexity Analysis

Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu, Thomas Lin, Zhao Song +1

We investigate the computational limits of the memory retrieval dynamics of modern Hopfield models from the fine-grained complexity analysis. Our key contribution is the characteri…