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How Does Local Landscape Geometry Evolve in Language Model Pre-Training?
Zhanpeng Zhou, Yuhan Sun, Bingrui Li +4
The scale and expense of pre-training language models make efficient hyperparameter tuning essential, yet a principled guidance is still missing. In this work, we analyze language…
How Transformers Learn to Plan via Multi-Token Prediction
Jianhao Huang, Zhanpeng Zhou, Renqiu Xia +3
While next-token prediction (NTP) has been the standard objective for training language models, it often struggles to capture global structure in reasoning tasks. Multi-token predi…
IGU-LoRA: Adaptive Rank Allocation via Integrated Gradients and Uncertainty-Aware Scoring
Xuan Cui, Huiyue Li, Run Zeng +5
As large language models (LLMs) scale to billions of parameters, full-parameter fine-tuning becomes compute- and memory-prohibitive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) mitigate…
On the Learning Dynamics of Two-layer Linear Networks with Label Noise SGD
Tongcheng Zhang, Zhanpeng Zhou, Mingze Wang +4
One crucial factor behind the success of deep learning lies in the implicit bias induced by noise inherent in gradient-based training algorithms. Motivated by empirical observation…
Fast Catch-Up, Late Switching: Optimal Batch Size Scheduling via Functional Scaling Laws
Jinbo Wang, Binghui Li, Zhanpeng Zhou +5
Batch size scheduling (BSS) plays a critical role in large-scale deep learning training, influencing both optimization dynamics and computational efficiency. Yet, its theoretical f…
Efficient Hyperparameter Tuning via Trajectory Invariance Principle
Bingrui Li, Jiaxin Wen, Zhanpeng Zhou +2
As hyperparameter tuning becomes increasingly costly at scale, efficient tuning methods are essential. Yet principles for guiding hyperparameter tuning remain limited. In this work…
On the Surprising Effectiveness of a Single Global Merging in Decentralized Learning
Tongtian Zhu, Tianyu Zhang, Mingze Wang +2
Decentralized learning provides a scalable alternative to parameter-server-based training, yet its performance is often hindered by limited peer-to-peer communication. In this pape…
The Sharpness Disparity Principle in Transformers for Accelerating Language Model Pre-Training
Jinbo Wang, Mingze Wang, Zhanpeng Zhou +3
Transformers consist of diverse building blocks, such as embedding layers, normalization layers, self-attention mechanisms, and point-wise feedforward networks. Thus, understanding…
Sharpness-Aware Minimization Efficiently Selects Flatter Minima Late in Training
Zhanpeng Zhou, Mingze Wang, Yuchen Mao +2
Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) has substantially improved the generalization of neural networks under various settings. Despite the success, its effectiveness remains poorly un…
On the Optimization and Generalization of Two-layer Transformers with Sign Gradient Descent
Bingrui Li, Wei Huang, Andi Han +4
The Adam optimizer is widely used for transformer optimization in practice, which makes understanding the underlying optimization mechanisms an important problem. However, due to t…