activity
20232026
most citedMMTEB: Massive Multilingual Text Embedding Benchmark

15 citations · 22 across the 20 of their papers we have counts for

collaborators

23 papers

cs.AI2026

Multilingual GSM-Symbolic: What determines capability transfer across languages?

Kenneth Enevoldsen, Riley Herchert, Sofie Mosegaard +22

We understand little about how capabilities acquired in one language carry over to another, or what governs this transfer: evaluations rely on incomparable, saturation-prone datase…

cs.CL2026

Last Translation Benchmark

Vilém Zouhar, Niyati Bafna, Mukund Choudhary +263

For scientific progress, we need benchmarks that test the limits of state-of-the-art models, and evaluation methods that inform us about failure cases. As models get stronger, stan…

cs.CL2026

Mimir: A Sub-2B Hierarchical Reasoning Model Trained on Permissible Data Punches Above Its Weight Class

Peter Schneider-Kamp, Jacob Nielsen, Gianluca Barmina +4

Training capable language models typically relies on web-scale pretraining followed by multi-stage post-training, creating substantial computational and data-governance barriers fo…

cs.CV2026

MVEB: Massive Video Embedding Benchmark

Adnan El Assadi, Roman Solomatin, Isaac Chung +13

We introduce the Massive Video Embedding Benchmark (MVEB), a 23-task benchmark for video embeddings spanning classification, zero-shot classification, clustering, pair classificati…

cs.CL2026

Modeling semantic association in self-paced reading with language model embeddings

Sara Møller Østergaard, Kenneth Enevoldsen, Afra Alishahi +1

Semantic association between a word and its context has been identified as an important component of reading comprehension, even when word predictability is accounted for. Recent r…

cs.CL2026

Grounding Text Embeddings in Stakeholder Associations

Jonathan Rystrøm, Sofie Burgos-Thorsen, Zihao Fu +3

Text embeddings are widely used to analyse large corpora of complex texts. However, it is unclear whether the embeddings capture the same semantic distances as the human experts us…

cs.CL2026

Naturalistic measure of social norms alignment

Yevhen Kostiuk, Kenneth Enevoldsen, Peter Bjerregaard Vahlstrup +2

Social norms reflect shared expectations on acceptable behavior. Measuring social norms alignment remains challenging, with existing approaches typically relying on artificial clos…

cs.LG2026

Closed-form predictive coding via hierarchical Gaussian filters

Aleksandrs Baskakovs, Sylvain Estebe, Kenneth Enevoldsen +3

Predictive coding (PC) offers a local and biologically grounded alternative to backpropagation in the training of artificial neural networks, yet to date, it remains slower, and pe…

cs.CL2026

One prompt is not enough: Instruction Sensitivity Undermines Embedding Model Evaluation

Yevhen Kostiuk, Kenneth Enevoldsen

Instruction embedding models have become common among state-of-the-art models, however are evaluated using a single prompt per task. The single-point evaluation ignores a main prob…

cs.AI2026

Improving reasoning at inference time via uncertainty minimisation

Nicolas Legrand, Kenneth Enevoldsen, Márton Kardos +1

Large language models (LLMs) now exhibit strong multi-step reasoning abilities, but existing inference-time scaling methods remain computationally expensive, often relying on exten…

cs.SD2026

MAEB: Massive Audio Embedding Benchmark

Adnan El Assadi, Isaac Chung, Chenghao Xiao +15

We introduce the Massive Audio Embedding Benchmark (MAEB), a large-scale benchmark covering 30 tasks across speech, music, environmental sounds, and cross-modal audio-text reasonin…

cs.CL2025

Global PIQA: Evaluating Commonsense Reasoning Across 100+ Languages and Cultures

Tyler A. Chang, Catherine Arnett, Abdelrahman Sadallah +377

To date, there exist almost no culturally-specific evaluation benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) that cover a large number of languages and cultures. In this paper, we pre…

cs.CL2025

HUME: Measuring the Human-Model Performance Gap in Text Embedding Tasks

Adnan El Assadi, Isaac Chung, Roman Solomatin +2

Comparing human and model performance offers a valuable perspective for understanding the strengths and limitations of embedding models, highlighting where they succeed and where t…

cs.CL2025

Dynaword: From One-shot to Continuously Developed Datasets

Kenneth Enevoldsen, Kristian Nørgaard Jensen, Jan Kostkan +14

Large-scale datasets are foundational for research and development in natural language processing. However, current approaches face three key challenges: (1) reliance on ambiguousl…

cs.CL2025

Continuous sentiment scores for literary and multilingual contexts

Laurits Lyngbaek, Pascale Feldkamp, Yuri Bizzoni +2

Sentiment Analysis is widely used to quantify sentiment in text, but its application to literary texts poses unique challenges due to figurative language, stylistic ambiguity, as w…

cs.CL2025

Maintaining MTEB: Towards Long Term Usability and Reproducibility of Embedding Benchmarks

Isaac Chung, Imene Kerboua, Marton Kardos +2

The Massive Text Embedding Benchmark (MTEB) has become a standard evaluation platform for text embedding models. While previous work has established the core benchmark methodology,…

cs.CL2025

topicwizard -- a Modern, Model-agnostic Framework for Topic Model Visualization and Interpretation

Márton Kardos, Kenneth C. Enevoldsen, Kristoffer Laigaard Nielbo

Topic models are statistical tools that allow their users to gain qualitative and quantitative insights into the contents of textual corpora without the need for close reading. The…

cs.CV2025

MIEB: Massive Image Embedding Benchmark

Chenghao Xiao, Isaac Chung, Imene Kerboua +7

Image representations are often evaluated through disjointed, task-specific protocols, leading to a fragmented understanding of model capabilities. For instance, it is unclear whet…

cs.CL2025★ 15 cited

MMTEB: Massive Multilingual Text Embedding Benchmark

Kenneth Enevoldsen, Isaac Chung, Imene Kerboua +83

Text embeddings are typically evaluated on a limited set of tasks, which are constrained by language, domain, and task diversity. To address these limitations and provide a more co…

cs.CL2024★ 1 cited

The Scandinavian Embedding Benchmarks: Comprehensive Assessment of Multilingual and Monolingual Text Embedding

Kenneth Enevoldsen, Márton Kardos, Niklas Muennighoff +1

The evaluation of English text embeddings has transitioned from evaluating a handful of datasets to broad coverage across many tasks through benchmarks such as MTEB. However, this…

cs.CL2024★ 5 cited

Encoder vs Decoder: Comparative Analysis of Encoder and Decoder Language Models on Multilingual NLU Tasks

Dan Saattrup Nielsen, Kenneth Enevoldsen, Peter Schneider-Kamp

This paper explores the performance of encoder and decoder language models on multilingual Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks, with a broad focus on Germanic languages. Bui…

cs.LG2024★ 1 cited

-- Semantic Signal Separation

Márton Kardos, Jan Kostkan, Arnault-Quentin Vermillet +3

Topic models are useful tools for discovering latent semantic structures in large textual corpora. Recent efforts have been oriented at incorporating contextual representations in…

cs.CL2023

Augmenty: A Python Library for Structured Text Augmentation

Kenneth Enevoldsen

Augmnety is a Python library for structured text augmentation. It is built on top of spaCy and allows for augmentation of both the text and its annotations. Augmenty provides a wid…