49 citations · 75 across the 8 of their papers we have counts for
8 papers
The Embedder's Dilemma: LLMs Are Better, but at What Cost?
Adnan El Assadi, Niklas Muennighoff, Jinhyuk Lee
Should you replace your text-embedding pipeline with a large language model? We answer this with a controlled, cost-aware comparison of ten LLMs across six families and 26 embeddin…
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini
Madhuri Shanbhogue, Zhe Li, Shanfeng Zhang +86
We introduce Gemini Embedding 2, a native multimodal embedding model that allows embedding video, audio, image, and text modalities in a unified representation space. We leverage t…
EmbeddingGemma: Powerful and Lightweight Text Representations
Henrique Schechter Vera, Sahil Dua, Biao Zhang +86
We introduce EmbeddingGemma, a new lightweight, open text embedding model based on the Gemma 3 language model family. Our innovative training recipe strategically captures knowledg…
On the Theoretical Limitations of Embedding-Based Retrieval
Orion Weller, Michael Boratko, Iftekhar Naim +1
Vector embeddings have been tasked with an ever-increasing set of retrieval tasks over the years, with a nascent rise in using them for reasoning, instruction-following, coding, an…
Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities
Gheorghe Comanici, Eric Bieber, Mike Schaekermann +3431
In this report, we introduce the Gemini 2.X model family: Gemini 2.5 Pro and Gemini 2.5 Flash, as well as our earlier Gemini 2.0 Flash and Flash-Lite models. Gemini 2.5 Pro is our…
Gemini Embedding: Generalizable Embeddings from Gemini
Jinhyuk Lee, Feiyang Chen, Sahil Dua +44
In this report, we introduce Gemini Embedding, a state-of-the-art embedding model leveraging the power of Gemini, Google's most capable large language model. Capitalizing on Gemini…
Can Long-Context Language Models Subsume Retrieval, RAG, SQL, and More?
Jinhyuk Lee, Anthony Chen, Zhuyun Dai +16
Long-context language models (LCLMs) have the potential to revolutionize our approach to tasks traditionally reliant on external tools like retrieval systems or databases. Leveragi…
Gecko: Versatile Text Embeddings Distilled from Large Language Models
Jinhyuk Lee, Zhuyun Dai, Xiaoqi Ren +17
We present Gecko, a compact and versatile text embedding model. Gecko achieves strong retrieval performance by leveraging a key idea: distilling knowledge from large language model…